VEGFR-1 / Flt-1 antibody

Background of VEGFR-1 / Flt-1 antibody

VEGF Receptor 1 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 or VEGFR1; also called Flt1 in mouse) is a tyrosine-protein kise which acts as a cell-surface receptor for VEGFA, VEGFB and PGF ligands for playing an essential role in the embryonic vasculature development and regulation of angiogenesis (normal as well as cancerous tissues), cell survival, migration, macrophage function, chemotaxis, and tumor invasion. VEGFR1 is a 180-185 kD glycoprotein expressed primarily in vascular endothelial cells and also found in a wide range of non-endothelial cells, such as monocytes and macrophages, human trophoblasts, rel mesangial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, dendritic cells and different human tumour cell types. Interestingly, VEGFR1 acts as a negative regulator of embryonic angiogenesis by inhibiting excessive proliferation of endothelial cells, whereas it promotes endothelial cell proliferation, survival and angiogenesis in adults. VEGFR1 expression is regulated by hypoxia through HREs in VEGFR1 promoter. It exists in an ictive conformation in the absence of bound ligand and binding of VEGFA, VEGFB or PGF leads to its dimerization followed by tyrosine residue autophosphorylation mediated activation. VEGFR1 phosphorylation sites includes Tyr794, Tyr1169, Tyr1213, Tyr1242, Tyr1327, Tyr1333 etc. and VEGFR1 phosphorylation pattern depends on the ligand, e.g. PlGF, but not VEGFA, induces phosphorylation of Tyr1309. VEGFR1 has been shown to exert its diverse biological activities through its effects on multiple sigl transduction pathways including VEGF, KDR, PLCG, PI3K, MAPK etc.